CTE Policy Watch: A blog for CTE advocates

Research Roundup: Condition of Education Report, Non-Degree Credentialing Research

Condition of Education 2023: The Institute of Education Sciences recently released its Condition of Education 2023 report with an overarching theme that educational institutions are still recovering from the pandemic. Enrollment at the K-12 level remains below pre-pandemic levels. In addition, the report notes that 70% of public schools have seen an increase in students seeking mental health services. To support these needs and address pandemic learning losses, more than 70% of public schools are engaging in student assessment, summer enrichment programs, remedial instruction, and mental health and trauma support. On a positive note, the average high school graduation rate increased from 79% in 2010-11 to 87% in 2019-20.

Teacher vacancies are another challenge facing K-12 education. In 2020-21, 31% of public schools reported having difficulty filling CTE teaching positions in comparison to 20% in 2011-12. Additionally, the number of individuals completing traditional teacher preparation programs decreased by 28% between 2012-13 and 2019-20.

On the postsecondary level, between fall 2010 and fall 2021, undergraduate enrollment at two-year colleges decreased from 7.7 million to 4.7 million students (a 39% drop). The decline was relatively steady across the decade, with a slightly larger decrease during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition:

• Slightly fewer postsecondary certificates were conferred in 2020–21 than in 2010-11.
• In 2020-21, associate degrees were awarded predominantly in liberal arts, humanities and general studies; health professions; and business fields.
• Since 2010-11, the number of associate degrees awarded has decreased the most in homeland security, law enforcement and firefighting fields and engineering technologies.

Recent Developments and New Opportunities for Non-degree Credentialing Research: The George Washington University Non-degree Credentials Research Network recently released a report on developments and opportunities for non-degree credentialing research such as new sources of data, increasing federal interest in credentialing and the skilled technical workforce, and the rise in state-level tools for career navigation. The document highlights initiatives and research that are driving change in the non-degree ecosystem:

• The U.S. Census Bureau’s National Training, Education and Workforce Survey, which launched in the field in 2022. This survey will be longitudinal, enabling researchers to study non-degree credential attainment over the next decade.
• Research from the RAND Corporation found that returns from non-degree credential attainment are concentrated in a higher probability of employment for women and in higher earnings for men.
• Research by the University of Virginia Biocomplexity Institute and Initiative and others that is supporting interactive mapping of credential demand by geographical region.
• Data analysis and solutions from Opportunity @ Work and others focused on workers who are STARs: “skilled through alternate routes” other than a bachelor’s degree.

The publication also highlights the Learn & Work Ecosystem Library, a crowd-sourced online library that collects, curates and coordinates resources to support the learn-and-work ecosystem. 

Findings from Virginia’s FastForward Programs: This Brookings Institute article examines the rising popularity of noncredit workforce training programs as a solution to the growing skills gap that is preventing employers from filling over 10 million job vacancies, according to May 2023 Bureau of Labor Statistics data. The authors report that noncredit CTE programs account for more than 2.5 million students enrolled in the community college system. However, a barrier to wider implementation of these programs is that researchers know very little about the characteristics of participating students, the rates at which they graduate and earn workforce-relevant credentials, and whether their respective CTE programs truly lead to improved workforce outcomes.

One exception is Virginia’s FastForward initiative, which helps students pay for short-term, non-credit programs that can lead to high-paying jobs in high-demand industries while tracking student data and could serve as a model for a similar nationwide system. Research findings include the following about FastForward programs:

• They attract a higher share of Black students, male students and older students than short-term, for-credit programs at community colleges.
• Most enrollees do not have prior enrollment in credit-bearing programs, and less than 14% have pursued subsequent credit-bearing education.
• Credential attainment rates are high, with 70.1% of students earning an industry credential within six months.

Research Roundup: Community College Financing, Early Postsecondary Credit and Informational Inequity

The Community College Research Center (CCRC) recently released multiple publications covering the effects of community college finance systems, college-credit-in-high-school programs and the role of information inequality in postsecondary outcomes.

Budgets as Value Statements: Mapping How Finance Systems Drive or Reduce Inequities in Community Colleges: This publication underlines the importance of community colleges for postsecondary education and workforce training but notes that these institutions’ potential for improving economic outcomes and equity of opportunity remains unrealized due to inadequate funding and ineffective finance systems. To remedy this and find potential solutions, the CCRC researchers analyzed the funding mechanisms of community colleges in California, Ohio and Texas. Researchers found the following:

• The finance systems of all three states are tied to enrollment incentives, particularly in California where 80% of the financing relates to enrollment.
• The percentage of revenue tied to student outcomes is lowest in Texas (3%) and highest in Ohio (42%).
• Incentives for equitable student outcomes were strongest in Ohio.

The researchers recommend that states begin by mapping their existing revenue streams and related policies as part of efforts to help community colleges better meet goals for postsecondary attainment and career preparation.

Assessing College-Credit-in-High-School Programs as On-Ramps to Postsecondary Career Pathways for Underrepresented Students: In this report, CCRC researchers analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of earning postsecondary credit in high school through the five most common models – AP, IB, dual enrollment, early college high schools and P-TECH schools, and high school CTE programs – to assess how well they serve their intended purposes. The point of this brief is not to select the best model but rather to analyze these models’ strengths and weaknesses to allow practitioners in the field to identify areas for improvement.

Researchers reviewed relevant research and concluded the following about high school CTE:

• There is evidence that CTE programs impact college-going, with concentrators being 7% more likely than non-concentrators to graduate high school and 10% more likely to enroll in a postsecondary program within two years.
• CTE produces strong labor market outcomes, with career academy participants being likely to earn sustainable salaries post-graduation.
• College credit in high school earned through CTE does not always transfer to postsecondary institutions, which speaks to the need for regional CTE networks to improve articulation across secondary and postsecondary programs.

Researchers also encouraged practitioners to consider other factors such as outreach, advising, quality teaching and academic support as part of a multifaceted solution for improving postsecondary outcomes for students, especially those from an underrepresented background.

Choice Is Not Always Good: Reducing the Role of Informational Inequality in Producing and Legitimating Higher Education Inequality: This CCRC report analyzes the societal inequalities that are perpetuated when students make uninformed choices about postsecondary pathways. The researchers emphasize that students from underrepresented backgrounds are more likely to fall victim to the problem of informational inequity when making their postsecondary pathway choices. In this report, they seek to help educators and administrators better understand this inequity gap and ultimately lessen it, to help more students find the right paths for them. The researchers make the following recommendations as potential solutions:

• Expanding college and career advising is crucial: According to a 2011 survey by the College Board, in schools where 75% or more of students were receiving free or reduced-price school lunch, the average student-to-counselor ratio was 427-to-1 while schools with wealthier students have a 352-to-1 ratio.
• Implementing “choice architecture” such as guided pathways could simplify the choices students have to make and nudge them toward pathways that are a better fit.
• Tracking student progress could enable practitioners and counselors to intervene when needed.

CTE Among the Pathway Changes for Better Workforce Outcomes

The Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce (CEW) recently released a report on youth and young adult pathway changes. More specifically, the report sought to identify 10 pathway changes with “the greatest potential to improve employment outcomes” for this population, considering the impact that pathway changes could have on a person’s future during critical junctures of their lives.

The 10 pathway changes involve a variety of initiatives such as increasing educational attainment toward a certificate, associate degree or bachelor’s degree; specializing in CTE at the high school level; working in the skilled trades; and working in STEM fields. For this analysis, CEW researchers created the Pathways-to-Career policy simulation model that uses longitudinal data to identify the pathway changes that would best increase a student’s chances of working a “good job.” The report defines a “good job” as one that pays at least $38,000 for younger workers and at least $49,000 for workers 45 and older in 2020 dollars, with 30-year-old workers with good jobs earning a median salary of $57,000.

The overarching takeaway from the analysis is that layered pathway changes are almost twice as effective as any individual pathway change, therefore it is important to invest across all three domains: educational attainment, career training and work experience.

When it comes to specializing in CTE in high school, this pathway change was the most likely to lead to good jobs for youth who are expected to graduate from high school but do not plan to pursue a bachelor’s degree by age 22. CTE was also a particularly effective pathway change for white learners, male students and low socioeconomic status (SES) learners; somewhat effective for Black/African American learners; and not effective for Hispanic/Latino learners.

In addition, the analysis shows that pathway changes produce different effects based on students’ race/ethnicity, gender and SES:

• The single most effective pathway change leading to “good jobs” is earning a bachelor’s degree by age 22.
• Most pathway changes are more effective for men than for women, particularly for men without a high school diploma in low-wage jobs who transition to skilled trades occupations.
• For Black students, earning a bachelor’s degree and working in a STEM or other high-paying occupation are the most effective pathway changes.
• For Hispanic/Latino learners, the most effective pathway changes are earning a certificate, associate degree or bachelor’s degree.

Researchers noted the importance of prioritizing pathway changes considering both effectiveness and the total number of individuals who could be affected by a particular change as well as differential impacts across race/ethnicity, gender and class. The best approach is to make strategically targeted interventions for underserved groups over a one-size-fits-all solution. For instance, the findings above suggest value in promoting CTE pathways that incorporate postsecondary credentials and lead to high-paying jobs for all learners and particularly for Black/African American students and Hispanic/Latino students.

One important caveat to this analysis is that it is based on the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, an ongoing study that tracks the outcomes of a nationally representative sample of individuals who were aged 12-16 in the late 1990s. Therefore, this data predates many innovations in CTE program offerings and delivery that have occurred in the past 25 years. The researchers acknowledge that their analysis may understate the current impact of CTE on increasing access to good jobs.

Nominations Open for Career Clusters Advisory Groups

Earlier this week, nominations were opened for a set of 15 national advisory groups that will help to provide input into potential changes to the National Career Clusters Framework. See the message below from Advance CTE for more information and instructions on how to apply:

When Advance CTE began the initiative to modernize the National Career Clusters Framework® (the Framework), the Advance CTE Boards of Directors approved the following purpose statement as a north star to guide changes to the Framework: “The National Career Clusters Framework® provides structural alignment and a common language to bridge education and work, empowering each learner to explore, decide and prepare for dynamic and evolving careers.”

To better stand up the Framework as a responsive bridge between education and work, the national project team is organizing 15 Industry Advisory Groups (IAGs) to serve as sector-specific representatives. The IAGs will consist of approximately 20-30 industry stakeholders representing a diverse range of attributes including company profile, geography, and racial diversity. The IAGs will meet virtually three times over the next year to help inform and validate potential changes to the Framework, provide key insights into additional stakeholder engagement and champion the future direction of the Framework. We anticipate the overall time commitment to not exceed a cumulative 10 hours.

To nominate yourself or someone you feel would be well-qualified for these groups and to view additional information about nomination qualifications, please visit this nomination form. Our national partners Indigo Education and WestEd will select the eventual participants for the IAGs; chosen nominees will be notified in late June, and not every nominee will be selected for participation. 

This form is open to the public and shareable; you may make as many nominations in as many fields as you would like. The form will close on Friday, June 9. 

This is one of several upcoming opportunities for all stakeholders to provide input to the National Career Clusters Framework modernization process. We hope you stay connected with our updates and this process to find additional ways to participate in the future.

For additional information, including methodology for determining the IAGs, please visit careertech.org/the-framework or email [email protected]. 

Research Roundup: CTE Equity and Special Populations

NCES Digest of Education Statistics: The National Center for Education Statistics recently released an update to its Digest of Education Statistics showing that 85% of 2019 public and private high school graduates earned at least one Carnegie credit in CTE coursework. Additionally, the data shows that participation in CTE was higher for graduates from schools in rural areas (92%) and towns (91%) and lower for graduates from suburban areas (83%) and cities (80%). Participation was also higher for students in the southern United States (91%) than for any other region. White students, Black students, and Native American and Alaska Native students participated at about the same rate (86%, 86% and 87%, respectively), while 83% of Hispanic students and 77% of Asian American students earned at least one Carnegie credit. The most common CTE courses in which students earned credit were IT (29%), human services (28%) and business and marketing (21%).

Prior to the release of this dataset, earlier data showed that among 2013 public-only high school graduates, 81% had earned at least one credit in CTE subjects and 92% had earned any credits in CTE and related subjects like career exploration. Owing to differences in data sources and definitions, these datasets are difficult to compare; however, both demonstrate that a majority of high school students are taking part in CTE.

Rural Community College Excellence: A Guide to Delivering Strong Opportunities for Students and Communities: The Aspen Institute’s College Excellence program – an initiative aimed at advancing higher education practices and leadership that significantly impact and improve underserved and underrepresented student learning, completion and employment after college – recently published a guide covering the successes and opportunities of community colleges in rural areas. The guide is aimed at highlighting how community colleges are essential hubs to the communities and regions that they serve by generating opportunities for economic mobility and talent development and oftentimes providing health care support. This guide draws on data from analyses of student outcomes, interviews with college leaders, as well as virtual and in-person site visits to rural colleges to share examples of high-achieving rural colleges.

Unlocking Opportunities: Supporting English Learners’ Equitable Access to Career and Technical Education: A recently released report by the Migration Policy Institute looked at CTE participation and concentration for students categorized as English learners (EL). Researchers found that, on a state level, English learners participate and concentrate in CTE at rates that are relatively representative to their share of the high school population. However, they note that a lack of access to district-level data means that there may be more variation on the local level. Where local systems observe underrepresentation of English learners, the authors discuss strategies such as co-teaching between an EL specialist and content teacher; employing student and family advisors; and developing CTE programs in translation and interpretation, which could be a draw for bilingual and multilingual students.

Unpacking Financial Disincentives: Why and How They Stymie Degree-Applicable Credit Mobility and Equitable Transfer Outcomes: The Beyond Transfer Policy Advisory Board recently released a white paper on credit mobility policies and challenges as a part of its “No Easy Answers” series exploring postsecondary education outcomes for economically disadvantaged students. The advisory board chose this focus of research to raise awareness of the problematic default approach where institutions opt to reject credits until they are evaluated and approved for equivalency, which often results in classes having to be re-taken. Shifting this default, according to the paper, would be imperative to achieving equity since students who transfer and are more mobile tend to be from underrepresented learner groups by race, ethnicity, age and/or income. The report includes examples from Northern Virginia Community College and George Mason University as well as The Ohio State University and various Ohio community colleges. It also recommends strategies such as using funding formulas to incentivize policies that better serve transfer and mobile students and requiring institutions to have an evidence-based rationale for rejecting credits or risk financial consequences.

Research Roundup: Dual Enrollment, Credit Transfer and Stackable Pathways

2022 State Policies Promoting Early Postsecondary: The College in High School Alliance (CHSA) recently released its 2022 year-in-review report that summarizes key trends in state law related to college in high school programs such as dual enrollment, concurrent enrollment and early college high school. Researchers found that 263 bills across 37 states were introduced in 2022, an increase from 222 bills in 2021. Additionally, 2022 saw 54 new laws enacted across 24 states. The biggest areas of activity in enacted laws were finance as well as program integrity and credit transfer. Notably, the report mentions that perhaps due to a more favorable budgetary environment as a result of the American Rescue Plan, states put a major focus on dual-enrollment funding and looking for ways to eliminate student expenses. The past year also saw an increase in laws that impact navigational supports, with five new laws in 2022 in comparison to two new laws in 2021.

Some of the most notable laws include California AB 181, which invests $200 million into establishing a competitive grant program to support the expansion of high-quality dual-enrollment programs in the state. Additionally, Florida passed HB 5001, which appropriated $11 million to reimburse the cost of instructional materials for postsecondary institutions. For more information visit CHSA’s State Legislation Tracker.

Advancing Dual-enrollment Equity Through State Policy: A recent report by the Education Commission of the States tackles the challenges and barriers of making dual enrollment more accessible among underrepresented and economically disadvantaged students. The report notes that participation in dual enrollment is critical in creating positive postsecondary outcomes for learners but that participation is currently not representative across student groups. Researchers found that students face three main barriers to dual-enrollment participation starting with accessibility, or the lack of availability of programs in their school districts or areas; affordability, or the lack of predictable financial supports; and quality, or the lack of available high-quality programs with transferable credits and skills.  

Eliminating Dead Ends: Learner-centered Approaches to Stackable Pathways: Education Strategy Group recently sought to analyze and tackle the current issues faced by stackable pathways and credentials. More specifically, researchers claim that most stackable pathways systems focus too much on the stackability of a credential rather than on the stackability of learner knowledge. The toolkit is designed for institutions throughout the nation that are aiming to improve their approach to stackable credits and includes specific strategies, further resources, guiding questions and an action planning template organized around four pillars for “forward-thinking, learner-centered” stackable pathways:

• Data infrastructure and systems
• Mapping and alignment of curriculum
• Credential pathways communication
• Student-centered supports

Do Stranded Academic Credits Lead To Stranded Students?: A recent article released by Forbes looked at the issue of academic credit policies and transfers among postsecondary institutions as well as the challenges faced by learners of all ages in completing a postsecondary degree or credential when credentials earned from one institution are not accepted at another. The article makes note of a study from StraighterLine and UPCEA, the University Professional and Continuing Education Association, which looked at how transfer policies are affecting students across the country who look to transfer between institutions. According to the study, 40% of students choose to transfer due to financial reasons and only 61% of those who transfer said their new institution accepted most or all their credits. Forbes author Alison Griffin emphasizes the importance of this issue in helping the almost 40 million Americans that have some college, but no degree and student debt finish their postsecondary education. Speaking with Gerardo de los Santos, Vice President for Community Relations of National University, the author mentioned the consensus among advocates on the need to break down transfer credit barriers that impede student access and completion of postsecondary education.

Updated Resource: Sector Sheet on Energy

ACTE is launching a revamp of our popular Sector Sheet series that describes CTE’s role in growing the workforce for vital industry sectors. Today, we’ve published the first of these updates, CTE: Developing the Energy Workforce.

The revised Sector Sheets will include job opportunities in each sector and descriptions of how CTE prepares learners for the workforce in each sector, all in a new format featuring more streamlined text and additional graphics to make these advocacy tools even more effective.

The Energy Sector Sheet shares how CTE supports America’s energy needs by preparing learners to enter this critical workforce, which employs 7.8 million people and is growing faster than the total U.S. workforce. It describes key energy occupations and their related earnings as well as how CTE prepares learners for energy careers through courses, education and industry credentials, work-based learning, career and technical student organizations, and more.

As we move forward with this revision, both the newer and older Sector Sheets will remain available on the ACTE Sector Sheet webpage for download and use. We encourage you to share these tools with students, counselors, policymakers and others to spread the message about CTE and its benefits for students and the workforce.

Research Roundup: Recent Postsecondary CTE Trends and Developments

The following research roundup will look at five reports by four different publishers that recently sought to analyze some of the most important issues surrounding community colleges and other institutions offering postsecondary CTE. The reports come from New America, the RAND Corporation, Columbia University’s Community College Research Center and Work Shift.

Getting Non-Degree Workforce Programs Right at Community Colleges: New America has released a multiple-part series that focuses on how to plan, deliver and use data to improve non-degree workforce programs at the community college level. The series was produced by the think tank’s Center on Education & Labor as part of the New Models for Career Preparation project, which aims to create stories and research for building a better understanding of non-degree workforce education with the ultimate goal of unlocking the full potential of non-degree workforce training. Researchers looked at literature to “synthesize, develop and pressure-test” a framework for non-degree programs at colleges. This work is based on five criteria for quality non-degree workforce programs:

• The program leads to quality jobs with strong labor market outcomes.
• The program advances equity and diversity in occupationally segregated jobs.
• The program opens doors to advanced credentials or degrees.
• The program is affordable.
• The program has strong completion rates.

Community Colleges Can Increase Credential Stacking by Introducing New Programs Within Established Technical Pathways: In a recent study conducted by the RAND Corporation, researchers analyzed stackable credentials in community colleges, their cost, their return on investment, as well as their value for students, government and local economies. The report analyzed the effects of the introduction of new certificate or associate degree programs in the Ohio community college system from 2004-05 to 2016-17. Researchers found that students who had just completed a credential program were more likely to re-enroll and earn more credentials within two years if their college had an additional program within their field of study. Additionally, researchers were able to confirm that further short-term enrollment did not significantly decrease student participation in employment or transfer to four-year university programs, showing that stackable credentials fit naturally within these students’ career and education pathways.

High-demand Jobs, High-cost Education: A recent Work Shift article by education reporter Lilah Burke looked at how community colleges around the country are innovating in the face of a major nationwide struggle to afford the necessary facilities and instructors for high-demand fields like microelectronics and biotech. Postsecondary institutions like community colleges are struggling to compete with the resources available to research universities in the field of experiential learning, which is needed to train the ever-rising number of operators or technicians needed in growth areas like semiconductor manufacturing. However, these institutions are finding creative ways around these challenges. The report looks at how four community colleges in Ohio, Texas, Arizona and North Carolina are succeeding in providing experiential learning to their students through incubators, partnerships with industry and government, and creative funding mechanisms from philanthropies and grants.

How Can Community Colleges Afford to Offer Dual-enrollment College Courses to High School Students at a Discount?: A recent report released by Columbia University’s Community College Research Center looked at the issue of high-cost dual-enrollment programs for community colleges. Researchers determined that in most parts of the country, colleges receive less funding per dual-enrollment student than they do for regular, non-dual-enrollment students, meaning that these programs are a financial burden for these institutions. The main purpose of the study was to explore how community colleges could continue to provide broad access to high-quality, sustainable dual-enrollment programs. Researchers analyzed the economics of dual enrollment from the perspective of three different community colleges to demonstrate the conditions under which dual enrollment can be made affordable and efficient.

Research Roundup: Measuring Secondary Program Quality Indicators, Credentials and Microcredentials

Measuring Secondary Program Quality: A December 2022 report by the U.S. Department of Education describes outcomes of the Department’s Quality Indicator Project, an initiative to assist states in refining the validity, reliability and accuracy of their new quality indicators under Perkins V – recognized postsecondary credential attainment, postsecondary credit attainment and work-based learning participation. This toolkit features suggestions, examples and guiding questions to help state leaders develop and refine these measures. It also describes how states have operationalized their secondary concentrator definitions, recommends business rules for CTE data reporting, and provides tips for setting state-determined performance levels for program quality indicators. ACTE’s Senior Director of Public Policy Alisha Hyslop provided content expertise to the project.

Counting Credentials: In late 2022, Credential Engine released its fourth secondary and postsecondary education credential counting report, which identified a total of 1,076,358 unique credentials in the United States. The report looked at 18 detailed credential categories across postsecondary educational institutions, massive open online course (MOOC) providers, non-academic providers and secondary schools. Researchers concluded that a total of $2.1 trillion is expended annually in the United States for the delivery and attainment of the over one million available credentials, which are offered by over 59,000 providers. The analysts also describe the lack of transparency in the credential landscape and the need for standardization to ensure credentials promote economic development and individual mobility.

Relatedly, a recent report by 1EdTech that sought to find the number of digital badges and badging platforms available in the United States identified a total of 53 platforms and 430,272 available badges; at a worldwide level, the survey reported that over 74 million badges had been issued to date.

The Value of Badges and Microcredentials: Despite their widespread use, badges and microcredentials face a problem of legitimacy since there is no widespread system in place to recognize them across state or national lines or evaluate their quality. In a recently released brief by Higher ED Dive, employers were surveyed by the University Professional and Continuing Education Association and Collegis Education on the value of microcredentials. The surveyed employers expressed that even though they value microcredentials and alternative credentials, assessing their quality can be difficult. However, despite their concerns, 23% of respondents said they believe that alternative credentials give workers real-world experience while 16% of respondents said that they help employees develop specialized skills. Finally, 13% of employers said that microcredentials and badges help improve employee performance.

Employability Skill Badges: One type of credential, employability skill credentials, enable students to demonstrate crucial workforce skills like time management, communication, problem solving and more. In Indiana, a growing number of high schools are rethinking the way they prepare students for life after graduation with the launch of a soft skill credentials badge program in certain areas of the state. The statewide program began in 2018 and has since seen more than 3,400 young people earn at least one badge. As reported in The 74, Yorktown High School, an hour northeast of Indianapolis, is launching such a program for its 800-student population.

CTE Earmarks in FY23; Earmark Requests for FY24

ACTE has analyzed the Fiscal Year (FY) 2023 omnibus appropriations bill signed into law in December 2022 and identified more than 260 projects in which funding was awarded to education institutions for initiatives related to CTE and career development, equaling over $290 million. These earmarks or congressionally directed spending opportunities allow Members of Congress to guarantee a specific amount for grantees for the direct benefit of their state or district.

ACTE’s analysis of CTE-related earmarks in FY 2023 concluded the following:

• K-12 CTE projects accumulated over 45 earmarks equaling over $39 million; postsecondary projects accumulated over 150 earmarks equaling over $198 million; and projects through the Employment and Training Administration received more than 60 earmarks equaling over $54 million.
• The bill funded projects across several CTE program areas, including more than 60 health science CTE and workforce development projects; about 30 STEM initiatives; and more than 20 transportation, distribution and logistics projects.
• The state with the highest number of earmarks and highest total community project funding was California, with projects equaling over $37 million in funding.

The following list includes the individual projects that received the highest amounts of funding:

• $6.5 million for Saint Michael's College in Vermont for an environmental industry workforce training program.
• $4 million for the University of Georgia for poultry science workforce development activities.
• $3.8 million for San Joaquin Delta College in Stockton, California, for nursing programs, including equipment and technology for simulation labs.
• $3.2 million for Henry Ford College in Michigan for clean energy programs.

In addition to these projects funded at educational institutions, many CTE-related projects were also funded through organizations outside the education system, so we encourage you to check out the FY 2023 appropriations bill to see more earmarks in your state that may of relevance to CTE. 

For FY 2024, constituents can now submit funding requests to their Members of Congress:

• The Senate Appropriations Committee recently released a guidelines document for FY 2024 requests. Requests from Senators for funding under Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies – the most likely avenue for addressing CTE-related projects – are due April 13, 2023.
• The House Appropriations Committee has also shared guidance for this process on the House side. The deadline for Representatives to make requests for funding under Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies is March 24, 2023.

However, Member offices usually have earlier, individual deadlines, so interested parties should reach out to their Members of Congress for more information as soon as possible. Visit ACTE’s Action Center to find contact information for your legislators.

Neither branch will consider proposals that include funding for for-profit entities and those in which the Member of Congress or their family members have a financial interest.

If you need any assistance with requests, please contact Alisha Hyslop, ACTE Senior Director of Public Policy, at [email protected]